Why the em dash became the AI tell
An em dash (—) is the long dash writers use for an aside — like this — or for an abrupt turn in a sentence. In edited prose it is common and perfectly correct. In everyday typed writing it is rare, for a simple reason: there is no em dash key. Word turns a double hyphen into one automatically; most other places people write — email, chat, social networks, CMS fields — do not. So a human draft has hyphens, commas and the occasional parenthesis, and a draft from ChatGPT, Claude or Gemini has an em dash every second sentence.
That gap is what readers learned to notice. During 2025 “the em dash is how you spot ChatGPT” went from a copywriters’ in-joke to mainstream advice, and by 2026 the nuance had caught up: an em dash is a signal, not proof, and plenty of careful writers use them. But density is the problem, not existence. A proposal, a cold email or a LinkedIn post with four em dashes in six sentences reads as generated before anyone has absorbed what it says. This page fixes the density in one paste and leaves the decision about tone to you.
What happens to each dash: the three modes
The replacement also absorbs the spaces around the dash, so word — word and word—word both come out the same way.
- Comma (default).
The results—which surprised us—were clear. becomes The results, which surprised us, were clear. A pair of dashes around an aside becomes a pair of commas; a single trailing dash becomes a single comma. This reads naturally in the great majority of sentences, which is why it is the default. - Hyphen.
Ship it—then fix it. becomes Ship it - then fix it. A spaced hyphen is how people type a pause when they are writing quickly, so it suits chat, comments and informal posts. It is still a visible pause, just a human-looking one. - Remove.
Click Save—and you’re done. becomes Click Save and you’re done. The dash is dropped and the gap closes to a single space. This is the right choice when the dash was decorative, and the wrong one when it was doing the work of a colon or a full stop — always re-read after choosing it.
What is left exactly as it was
- Number ranges.
2019–2024, pages 10–15, 9–5. The tool looks for a digit on both sides of an en dash and, if it finds them, leaves the range alone. The dash here is correct punctuation, not an AI habit. - Hyphens in words.
well-known, co-founder, e-mail. The hyphen (-) is a different character from both dashes and is never touched. - Minus signs and double hyphens. A plain
- or -- is already ordinary keyboard punctuation, so there is nothing to replace. If an AI draft wrote -- instead of a real dash, it stays as typed.
One case is replaced on purpose: an en dash (–) with words on either side. Some models, Claude in particular, use a spaced en dash where others use an em dash. It carries the same tell, so it gets the same treatment.
The companion tell: curly quotes
The same training data that taught the models to love em dashes taught them typographic quotation marks — “curly” quotes and the single-character ellipsis (…). Keyboards produce the straight versions, so a quickly typed message has straight quotes and three separate dots. This page turns the Straighten quotes option on alongside the dash replacement, and the status line counts those changes too. If you are preparing text for a publication whose house style wants typographic quotes, switch it off in the preferences; the dash setting is independent.
Em dashes by destination
Cold email. Aim for zero. A sales email is supposed to look like it was typed in thirty seconds by a busy person, and busy people do not type em dashes. Use comma mode and then shorten the sentences; the full approach is in how to format AI cold emails for Gmail and Outlook.
LinkedIn posts. One or two is fine and reads as deliberate. A cluster does not. Comma mode, then switch on Keep bold for the line you want to stand out — the LinkedIn formatting guide covers why plain bold does not survive there.
Upwork and freelance proposals. Comma mode. Clients read dozens of proposals and have learned the tell faster than anyone; a proposal that reads as unedited AI output is the one that gets skipped.
Reports, essays and formal documents.Here the em dash is often legitimate. If you want to keep them and only straighten the quotes, set “Em dashes” to Keep in the preferences and the rest of the cleanup still runs.
Doing it in Word or Google Docs instead
You can, and it is worth knowing how. In Word, open Find and Replace (Ctrl+H) and search for ^+, which is Word’s code for an em dash; ^=finds an en dash. Google Docs has no code, so you paste the dash character itself into the search box, or tick “Use regular expressions” and search for \s*—\s* to swallow the spacing as well. The catch in both is that a blind replace also rewrites every number range in the document, so you either do a second pass to repair them or replace one at a time. The tool above makes one pass, skips the ranges, handles the surrounding spaces and tells you the count — and it does the quotes in the same paste.
Related tools
- ChatGPT text cleaner — the full cleanup: markdown symbols, hidden characters, spacing and punctuation together.
- Remove ChatGPT spaces — the narrow no-break spaces and doubled gaps that make pasted text wrap strangely.
- AI text formatter — keep bold and bullets that survive on LinkedIn, Facebook and Upwork.
Private and free
The replacement runs in your browser with client-side JavaScript. Your text is never sent to a server, stored or logged. No account, no limits, no watermark.